Njengegatsha le-antenna, uthi lwemoto lunezici zokusebenza ezifanayo nezinye izimpondo, futhi zizohlangabezana nezinkinga ezifanayo lapho zisetshenziswa.
1. Okokuqala, buyini ubudlelwano phakathi kwendawo yokufaka i-antenna yemoto kanye nokuqondisa kwayo?
Ngokombono, i-antenna yemoto efakwe emotweni ayinakho ukukhomba indlela eya endaweni evundlile, kodwa ngenxa yesimo esingajwayelekile somzimba wemoto kanye nendawo yokufaka i-antenna, ukufakwa kwangempela kwe-antenna yeselula kunokuqondisa okuthile, kanye nokusebenza kwe-antenna. lokhu kuqondisa kuhlukile kulokho kwe-antenna eqondisayo.Imvelo yokuqondisa yezimpondo zemoto ayijwayelekile futhi iyahlukahluka kuye ngemoto.
Uma i-antenna ifakwe phakathi nophahla, imisebe ye-antenna ngaphambili nangemuva izoba namandla kancane kunendlela yesokunxele nekwesokudla.Uma i-antenna ifakwe ohlangothini olulodwa, umphumela wemisebe uba ngcono kancane ngakolunye uhlangothi.Ngakho-ke, ngezinye izikhathi sithola ukuthi uma sihamba ngendlela efanayo, umphumela wokuxhumana ulungile, kodwa uma sibuyela emuva, umphumela wokuxhumana oqondile uhluke kakhulu, ngoba umphumela wemisebe ye-antenna ezinhlangothini zombili zemoto uhlukile.
2. Kungani izimpawu zokuxhumana okuqondile ziphazamiseka ekusetshenzisweni kweselula ye-V/UHF?
Imvamisa, amaza amaza e-V/UHF anemizila eminingi ngesikhathi sokudlulisa, amanye afinyelela endaweni yokwamukela ngomugqa oqondile, kanti amanye afinyelela endaweni yokwamukela ngemva kokucabangisisa.Lapho igagasi elidlula umugqa oqondile kanye namagagasi abonisiwe asesigabeni esifanayo, ukuphakama kwamagagasi amabili kuphumela ekuqiniseni ngokufanayo amandla esignali.Lapho amagagasi aqondile nabonisiwe esezigabeni eziphambene, i-superposition yawo ikhansela ngaphandle.Njengoba ibanga phakathi kokudlulisa nokwamukela isiteshi somsakazo wemoto lishintsha njalo lapho sihamba, ukuqina kwamagagasi omsakazo nawo ashintsha kakhulu, abonakala esignali yesikhashana.
Ngejubane elihlukile elinyakazayo, isikhawu sokushintshashintshana kokuqina kwegagasi lomsakazo nakho kuhlukile.Umthetho woshintsho uthi: uma imvamisa yokusebenza iphakeme, i-wavelength ibe mfishane, ijubane elihambayo liyashesha, imvamisa ephezulu yesiginali yesikhashana.Ngakho-ke, lapho ukunqanyulwa kwesignali kuthinta kakhulu ukuxhumana, unganciphisa kancane isivinini esihambayo, uthole indawo lapho isignali ye-superposition iqine kakhulu, umise imoto ukuze uxhumane ngokuqondile, bese ubuyela emuva emgwaqeni.
3. Ukufakwa kwe-antenna yemoto ime mpo noma ukufakwa kwe-oblique kungcono?
Izimoto eziningi zisebenzisa izinti ezime mpo ngenxa yalezi zizathu ezilandelayo: eyokuqala iwukuthi ithiyori ehlukanisiwe iqonde mpo ayinakho ukuqondiswa endaweni evundlile, ukuze umsakazo wemoto osetshenziswa yiselula ungadingeki uzihluphe ukuze uqondanise isiqondiso se-antenna;Okwesibili, i-antenna eqondile ingasebenzisa igobolondo lensimbi njenge-oscillator yalo ebonakalayo, ukuze kuthi lapho i-antenna eqondile isetshenziswa ngokoqobo, kungafakwa ingxenye yokukhiqiza kuphela, bese enye ingxenye ingashintshwa ngumzimba wemoto, ongagcini nje ukunciphisa. izindleko, kodwa futhi kusiza ukufakwa nokusetshenziswa.Okwesithathu ukuthi i-antenna eqondile ithatha indawo encane, futhi ukumelana komoya kwe-antenna kuncane kakhulu, okuvumela ukunyakaza okusheshayo.
Ngokwaleli phuzu lokubuka, ingxenye esiyifakile empeleni iyingxenye kuphela yothi olume mpo.Ngakho-ke, lapho i-antenna ifakwe ngokudayela ohlangothini olulodwa, amaza omsakazo akhishwa uthi awawona amaza ahlukanisiwe aqondile, kodwa ayingxube yamagagasi aqondile ahlukanisiwe futhi avundlile.Uma i-antenna yolunye uhlangothi eyamukelayo ithola amagagasi aqondile ahlukanisiwe, Amandla esiginali eyamukelwe ayancishiswa (nge-polarization evundlile encane), futhi ngokuphambene nalokho esignali eyamukelwe.Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-oblique antenna yenza imisebe ingalingani, ebonakala njengoba imisebe eya phambili ye-antenna inkulu kunemisebe engemuva, okuholela ekuqondeni.
4. Ungakuxazulula kanjani ukuphazamiseka komsindo olethwa uthi lwemoto lapho uthola amasignali?
Ukuphazamiseka komsindo we-antenna ngokuvamile kuhlukaniswa kube ukuphazamiseka kwangaphandle kanye nokuphazamiseka kwangaphakathi izinhlobo ezimbili.Ukuphazamiseka kwangaphandle isignali yokuphazamiseka etholwe othini ngaphandle kwemoto, njengokuphazamiseka kwezimboni, ukuphazamiseka kukagesi wasemadolobheni, okunye ukuphazamiseka kwemisebe yemoto kanye nokuphazamiseka kwesibhakabhaka, isixazululo esinjalo sokuphazamisa siyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuhlala kude nomthombo wokuphazamiseka.Imvamisa, imodi ye-FM ebhendini ye-V/UHF inamandla aqinile okumelana nalolu hlobo lokuphazamiseka.Ngemuva kokuthi isignali ingavulwa, isifunda sokukhawulela sangaphakathi somshini singasusa ukuphazamiseka.Ngokuphazamiseka kwangaphakathi, ungavele uhlole futhi ulalele isiteshi somsakazo esibuthaka.Uma ukugxambukela kungekukhulu, kukhombisa ukuthi ayikho inkinga ngokugxambukela kwesistimu yemoto.Uma kukhona ezinye iziphazamiso zangaphakathi, ukusebenzisa i-transceiver esebhodini kuzoxazulula izinkinga eziningi.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-30-2022
